Aldo Mancusi (Founder - Enrico Caruso Museum)

Un museo a New York per un vero eroe: Enrico Caruso

Oct 26, 2015 4718 ITA ENG

Imagine years of discrimination, without hope of being recognized of being worthy of any respect, possibly far from your family left in your homeland, working two or even three jobs, living in very poor conditions. Then, imagine a moment of pride, a glimpse of revenge, a situation where not only your people are respected, but one of them is hero, a celebrity, a leader cherished and admired in the whole world.

That is what happened when Enrico Caruso arrived to the US. From then on, he would be the most important, popular and successful living artist in the world. New York celebrates Enrico Caruso: in Brooklyn there's a museum that was imagined, created and still is directed by a pioneer, a visionary, an enthusiast for Caruso like nobody else. His name is Aldo Mancusi, and we are very happy to talk with him

Aldo who was Enrico Caruso, and why has he been so important for the Italians all over the world and in particular in America?

When Enrico Caruso first came to America in 1903, to perform at the Metropolitan Opera House, most Italians were not educated. They came from Southern Italy to America for a better life. So, he brought so much prestige to Italians and so much culture to the New York area that people looked up to him when he performed. Many Italians would go to the Met, in the standing room only, so they did not pay for the seat. That is how he uplifted the Italian community, he was the first one who did that, because everyone loved Caruso, in America and all over the world. I've got people coming to the museum from China, Korea, Australia, Canada, and especially from South America.

When did Caruso start recording, and when did he come to the US?

In the beginning, his first ten recordings were done through the Gramophone & Typewriter Company based in London. They were all, recorded by the Gaisberg brothers, in Milan, Italy.

When Caruso demanded 500 dollars for the recordings, the company back in London radioed them a telegram: "Do not record Caruso. The fee is ridiculous", because if they sold 25 or 50 or 100 records they would never make their money back. But they did know the talent of Caruso, and so they took the deal. When those ten first recordings were released they didn't sell 100, they sold thousands: so much that in November of 1902 the London company paid the Gaisberg brothers five hundred thousand dollars in advance and said: "Please, try to get Caruso again". And they did: that's when the recording industry became very popular it was all because of Caruso who literally made the record business boom.

When he came to America in 1903 he exclusively recorded for the Victor Record Company. Right upon the time he died, on August 2nd 1921, those records became his treasures, the legacy that he left to the public. The Victor Record Company made millions of dollars and in 1929 was sold to RCA Radiola Company. Today the Caruso family is still receiving royalties from the records sale.

How did you have the idea to open the Enrico Caruso Museum?

My parents were not citizens: I was born Italian and my first language is Neapolitan. My father came from a town called Sarno, near Salerno, while my mother came from Gragnano, near Naples. Both came in 1920 and they didn't know each other. They met here, got married and had six children. My father loved Caruso and played the piano, while my mother sang at all church services, not professionally, but certainly for every family gathering. So, they were both fans, and also all the children. My father had about 70 records of Caruso and a collection of about 300 opera records.

My father also had memorabilia, and there was a gentleman, who I got pretty friendly with, who knew Caruso. His name was Michael Sisca, and he had worked with "La Follia di New York", an Italian newspaper in New York. His father Marziale Sisca was a very close friend to Caruso, who would send him caricatures, for the 17 years that Caruso lived in America, and Sisca would put them in his newspaper. When he accumulated a hundred he put them in a book form.

"La Follia di New York" was very popular, because there were many immigrants here: the newspaper was put out by Marziale and Alessandro Sisca, who was a play writer and wrote the lyrics of many songs, one of them being "Core 'ngrato", under the name of Cordiferro. The whole idea of building a museum came from Michael Sisca when he saw my huge collection; and as he had a huge collection too, he said "Aldo, if you open up this museum I will give you all my artifacts when I pass away". So, in 1982 I opened up the museum in one thousand square feet above my living quarters. We are officially registered with the State Education department as a cultural center.

It took a few years to get the people coming: we've had thousands of people come by and many movies were done here.

Which are the most important memorabilia people can find in your museum?

We purchased the Caruso bust from Enrico junior, and we also bought the jewelry that Caruso purchased for his first mistress, Ada Zacchetti. We also have donations from Michael Sisca: Caruso's tights, his cigarette box with cigarettes inside, a fork and spoon that he had with, cheques that Caruso signed, and sixty original caricatures signed by Caruso, which are priceless. We have the walking stick he used; and we have many original letters that he wrote to many people; and we have his death mask. When Caruso died, the only one that was allowed to touch him was Cifariello, a sculptor that did two busts for him in 1911 and was a very good friend of Caruso's. So when he died, Cifariello was allowed to make a mask of Caruso, out of wax, and from that he made the plaster face of Caruso when he was lying on his pillow.

But, the most important item that we have here, which has never been published and is now coming out in my new book which will be hopefully out by the end of the year, is a picture which is very important because it is, in fact, the last picture of Caruso. He died 15 days after this last picture, and he was only 48 years old.

There's a whole book written by his wife, his second love, Dorothy Benjamin, about his illness and why the doctors here did not want him to go to Italy. But he wanted to go back to Naples, he always said: "I want to die in my hometown": and he died in Naples, where he was born.

You know, recently we did an exhibition in Naples. I spent 35 years trying to get the people of Naples to build a museum for Caruso. They have a big city with thousands and thousands of citizens and tourists who all know Enrico Caruso, and Naples doesn't have a museum for someone like him who was born, sang, died and is buried there. It's ridiculous.

Caruso was a very generous person, right?

I have different documentaries where greatest opera singers and directors say that Enrico Caruso was the best, the number one singer in history: the greatest ever, either on and off stage.

I have one of a series of coins that he himself had minted from Tiffany's: he handed them out to people, just to be friendly and kind. And there are many similar stories.

I already told that "La Follia di New York" was printing all these caricatures made by him: so the editor of the New York Herald went to Caruso and said "We will give you 12,000 dollars a year (which was a lot, at that time) if you give us one caricature a month". Caruso said "I can't do that. I give my all caricatures to Marziale Sisca". And then they said "How much does Sisca pay you?"; and Caruso answered "He's my friend, he pays me nothing". He had a Neapolitan heart. Always joking, happy, he used to say: "I may have been hungry at times but I was never unhappy as long as I was singing".

What's your favorite song from his repertoire?

"Vesti la giubba", from "I Pagliacci". There are many, but that really shows Caruso's talent. But he was special even out of the opera singing: no one could ever sing "Core 'ngrato" like he did. Professionals told me that no singers today could sing like him this particular aria. They all said to me: "Aldo, this is impossible, he sang all phrases without taking a breath."

You may be interested